Syntax & Writing System · entry 10 of 33

ότι/πως vs να - Which Linker

Greek has TWO ways to attach a second verb, and the FIRST verb decides which. Verbs of SAYING / THINKING / KNOWING - reporting a fact - take ότι/πως + the indicative: λέω, νομίζω, πιστεύω, ξέρω → Λέω ότι φεύγω (“I say that I’m leaving”). Verbs of WANTING / ABILITY / OBLIGATION - aiming at an action not yet real - take να + the dependent (the Module-7 subjunctive): θέλω, μπορώ, πρέπει → Θέλω να φύγω (“I want to leave”). The split is meaning: ότι/πως reports something claimed TRUE; να points at an action wished, possible, or necessary. Contrast the pair - Λέω ότι φεύγω (a report) vs Θέλω να φύγω (an aim). Pick the linker from the reporting/modal verb, never from the second clause.

The rule

Greek attaches a second verb two ways, and the first verb decides which. Verbs of saying / thinking / knowing - reporting a fact - take ότι/πως + the indicative: λέω, νομίζω, πιστεύω, ξέρωΛέω ότι φεύγω (“I say that I’m leaving”). Verbs of wanting / ability / obligation - aiming at an action not yet real - take να + the dependent (the subjunctive taught in Module 7, see The να-form / Subjunctive): θέλω, μπορώ, πρέπειΘέλω να φύγω (“I want to leave”). The split is meaning: ότι/πως reports something claimed true; να points at an action wished, possible, or necessary. Choose the linker from the front verb - Λέω ότι φεύγω vs Θέλω να φύγω, same second verb, two worlds.