Verbs · entry 13 of 27

Active vs Mediopassive - the Meaning Flips

Many verbs exist in BOTH voices, and the voice changes the meaning. The active does the action to something else; the mediopassive turns it back on the subject or makes it passive. πλένω = “I wash (something)” → πλένομαι = “I wash (myself)”; ντύνω = “I dress (someone)” → ντύνομαι = “I get dressed”; σηκώνω = “I lift” → σηκώνομαι = “I get up”; χάνω = “I lose” → χάνομαι = “I get lost”; ετοιμάζω = “I prepare” → ετοιμάζομαι = “I get ready”; παντρεύω = “I marry (someone) off” → παντρεύομαι = “I get married”. Reading the voice is reading the meaning: the -ομαι ending tells you the subject is on the RECEIVING end of its own verb.

The rule

Many verbs live in both voices, and the voice changes the meaning: the active acts on something else, the mediopassive turns the action back on the subject (or makes it passive). πλένω “I wash (something)” → πλένομαι “I wash (myself)”; ντύνω “I dress (someone)” → ντύνομαι “I get dressed”; σηκώνω “I lift” → σηκώνομαι “I get up”; χάνω “I lose” → χάνομαι “I get lost”; ετοιμάζω “I prepare” → ετοιμάζομαι “I get ready”; παντρεύω “I marry (someone) off” → παντρεύομαι “I get married”. The -ομαι ending signals that the subject is on the receiving end of its own verb - so reading the voice is reading the meaning.